What term refers to an assertion made in court regarding a fact?

The term that refers to an assertion made in court regarding a fact is “allegation.” In a legal context, an allegation is a claim or assertion that someone makes, often without proof. Allegations are typically brought up in legal proceedings, where one party asserts that certain facts are true, which the other party may contest. In court, allegations can be part of the evidence presented and can influence the case's outcome.

Testimony refers specifically to the evidence given by a witness under oath, while affirmation and declaration are broader terms that might apply outside the strict confines of legal assertions. An affirmation generally indicates a positive assertion or a confirmation, whereas a declaration can be a formal announcement, which may not necessarily pertain to a disputed fact in a legal setting. Therefore, "allegation" is the most accurate term within the context of a legal assertion regarding a fact.